Jerry Rawlings

Jerry Rawlings, palʋla-ɩ Jeremiah Rawlings John kɛ salaŋ fenaɣ kɩyakʋ 22 pɩnaɣ 1947 kɛ Accra (Côte-de-l'Or) nɛ ɛsɩ ɖomaɣ fenaɣ kɩyakʋ 12 pɩnaɣ 2020 kɛ Accra tɛtʋ taa ɖɔɖɔ. Ɛkɛ Kana ɛjaɖɛ taa ɛjaɖɛ ñʋʋ tʋ. Ɛkɛ ɛjaɖɛ ñʋʋ tʋ pɩnaɣ 1979 pɩlɩna kewiyaɣ ñʋʋ tʋmɩyɛ labʋ yɔɔ nɛ pʋwayɩ lɛ ɛkɛ ɛjaɖɛ ñʋʋ tʋ kpaɣ pɩnaɣ 1981 ŋtalɩ 2001. Payaɣ-ɩ se "Flying Lieutenant" yaa "Jesus Junior".

Ɛ-sɩm yɔɔ tɔm

Palʋla Jerry John Rawlings kɛ salaŋ fenaɣ kɩyakʋ 22 pɩnaɣ 1947 kɛ Accra, Côte-de-l'Or tɛtʋ taa. Ɛkɛ Victoria Agbotui, Abɔdɩyɔm halʋ nɛ James Ramsey John, weyi ɛkɛ kpɛlɩ kpɛlɛkʋʋ tʋmɩyɛ laɖʋ yɔ pa-pɩyalʋ, palʋla-ɩ Castle Douglas, Ecosse ɛjaɖɛ taa. James Ramsey John kaakɛ abalʋ weyi ɛwalɩ nɔɔyʋ nɛ ɛ-halʋ nɛ ɛ-hɔʋ pacaɣ Newcastle nɛ Lɔndrɩ tɛtʋ taa yɔ. Rawlings sukuli wɛ Achimota sukuli taa Accra tɛtʋ taa. Ɛkɛ e-ɖoo pɩɣa ɛgbamɩyɛ, ɛlɛ ɛ-maɣmaɣ ɛlɩna ɛ-tɛ samaɣ taa ɛyaa naalɛ taa, Nzema nɛ Ewe, ɛlɛ pa-takayasɩ fɛyɩ ɖoŋ. Rawlings kaakɛ ɛyʋ weyi ɛfɛyɩnɩ liɖe sɔsɔyɛ naɖɩyɛ yɔ, mbʋ yebina nɛ ɛpɩzɩ ɛla politiki tʋmɩyɛ camɩyɛ, mbʋ pʋyɔɔ yɔ pɩɩha-ɩ waɖɛ se ɛlɩɩ hɔʋ taa mba nɛ cejewe taa mba nɩŋgbaaŋ tɛɛ. Rawlings kpaɣ Nana Konadu Agyeman weyi ɛkatɩ-ɩ Achimota sukuli taa yɔ. Paawɛnɩ pɛlaa naatozo nɛ abalɩbɩɣa nakɛyɛ.

Ɛ-sɔɔjanaa tʋmɩyɛ

Pɩnaɣ 1968 taa ɛsʋ Kana sɔɔjanaa sukuli sɔsɔʋ taa, Teshie. Pɩnaɣ kʋɖʋmaɣ ŋga katɩŋ pʋwayɩ yɔ, ɛpɩsɩ Kana sɔɔjanaa tɛ. Kpaɣ pɩnaɣ 1966 taa lɛ, sɔɔjanaa komina ŋgʋ kɩwɛ kañatʋ nɛ kɩwɛɣ kañatʋ ɖɔɖɔ yɔ, kɩwɛ ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ ɖɩ-taa nɛ kʋñɔndʋtʋ wɛɛ kɩkpaɣ ɖoŋ. Ɖajaa Jerry Rawlings ñakaɣ pana se ɛla kewiyaɣ kpelaɣ, kɔlaɣ fenaɣ kɩyakʋ 15 n̄ɩŋgʋ wiye, pɩnaɣ 1979 taa. Ɛlɛ ɛtɩpɩzɩ nɛ ɛla mbʋ. Pakpa-ɩ.

Kajalaɣ Ñʋʋdʋ

Kpɩtaŋ naatozo wayɩ lɛ, sɔɔjanaa lalaa lɩzɩ-ɩ nɛ pɛhɛyɩ-ɩ ɛ-kɩmɩyɛ. Ɛlɛ, 4 juin 1979 wiye lɛ, ɛɖaɣnɩ ñamsʋʋ kewiyaɣ. Pɩtalɩ 24 septembre 1979 lɛ, ɛcɛlɩ kewiyaɣ komina ŋgʋ kɩ-ñʋʋdʋ payaɣ se Limann yɔ.

Kedeŋa yɔɔ tɔm

Sɔɔjanaa kewiyaɣ

Ɛ-taa fɛyɩ leleŋ nɛ komina ñʋndɩnaa mba ɛmaɣzaɣ se pɛwɛ mulum yɔ. Ɛlɛ, ɛɖaɣnɩ kpaɣʋ ɛjaɖɛ nɛ ɛ-nɔɔ ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ ɖɩ-taa 31 décembre 1981 taa. Peeɖe ɛpɩsɩ ɛjaɖɛ ñʋʋ tʋ nɛ ɛcɔŋna ɛ-tɩ yɔɔ caɣʋ tɔm yɔɔ. Pɩtɛkɛ Marxism yaa kapitalism pa-n̄ɩndʋ, ɛlɛ, alɩwaatʋ ndʋ ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ ɖɩ-taa n̄ɩm wɛɛkaa yɔ, kpaɣ pɩnaɣ 1983 lɛ, pɛlɛɣzɩ n̄ɩm mbʋ payaɣ se "ajustement structurel" yɔ. Jerry Rawlings ñɩnaɣ se komina ɛɖɔkɩ ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ ɖɩ-ñʋʋ taa tʋmɩyɛ nɛ ɛñɩɣ niye se komina ɛtaaɖɛlɛsɩ tʋmɩyɛ nɖɩ nɛ ɛñɩɣ niye ɖɔɖɔ se komina ɛtaaɖɛlɛsɩ tʋmɩyɛ nɖɩ. Liidiye nɖɩ pɔtɔkɩ-ɖɩ yɔ nɛ liidiye nɖɩ pɛhɛyɩɣ-ɖɩ yɔ, pɩhaɣ-ɩ waɖɛ se ɛpɩzɩ nɛ ɛñɔɔzɩ ageeta wena awɛ hayɩm taa yɔ nɛ ɛpɩzɩ ɖɔɖɔ nɛ ɛpɩzɩ nɛ ɛcɔnɩ ɛyaa kɩcɛyɩm ɖeɖe. Kpaɣna pɩnaɣ 1983 nɛ puwolo pɩsɩɩna pɩnaɣ 1993 taa lɛ, ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ ɖɩ-taa tɔsʋʋ paɣzɩ paɣzʋʋ, nɛ pɛtɛ lɛ, pɛtɛzɩ ɖɔʋ ɛzɩ 5% yɔ, nɛ tɔsʋʋ paɣzɩ paɣzʋʋ 10% yɔ. Ɛ-tɛ politiki tɔm taa lɛ, ɛ-lɩmaɣza wɛna nɔɔ kʋɖʋmaɣ nɛ Afrika kpeekpe nɛ kedeŋa kpeekpe tɔm yɔɔ cɔnayʋ weyi payaɣ-ɩ se Kwame Nkrumah yɔ. Ɛ nɛ "Afrique exploiteurs" pa-tɩŋa pɛkpɛndaa nɛ pɛwɛɛ ɛzɩ Fidel Castro nɛ Kadhafi yɔ. Ɛkɛ ɖɔɖɔ Burkina Faso ɛjaɖɛ ñʋʋdʋ Thomas Sankara cɔlɔ tʋ.

Pɩnaɣ 1992 taa, Rawlings lɩ sɔɔjanaa tʋma taa nɛ ɛpaɣzɩ politiki ŋgbɛyɛ ndɩ ɖɩ-taa tʋma labʋ nɛ ɛpaɣzɩ ŋgbɛyɛ nɖɩ payaɣ se National Democratic Congress yɔ. Ɛkpaɣ ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ nɛ ɛsɩɩ ɖɩ-tɩ nɛ ɖɩpɩsɩ ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ ɖɩ-taa ɛyaa kɩlɩɣ ɖɔʋ yɔ.

Kedeŋa kpeekpe ajɛya ndɩ ndɩ

Palɩzɩ-ɩ se ɛkɛ ɛjaɖɛ ñʋʋ tʋ kɛ lakɩŋ fenaɣ kɩyakʋ 7 pɩnaɣ 1992 nɛ ɛpaɣzɩ tʋma kʋɖʋmɩŋ fenaɣ kɩyakʋ 7 pɩnaɣ 1993. Pɛlɩzɩ ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ ɖɩ-hɩɖɛ nɛ payaɣ-ɖɩ se Kana ɛjaɖɛ naanza ñɩnɖɛ. Ɛpɩsɩ Afrika nɛ wɩsɩ ɖɩɖʋyɛ taa ajɛya tɔsʋʋ ŋgbɛyɛ ñʋʋ tʋ nɛ ɛñɩɣ niye Liberiya tɔm yɔɔ. Ɖɔɖɔ ɛzɩ Kana kɛŋna Afrika nɛ wɩsɩ ɖɩɖʋyɛ taa ajɛya kɩkpɛndɩɣ ɛjaɖɛ naɖɩyɛ yɔ, Rawlings kɛŋna ajɛya kɩkpɛndɩɣ ŋgbɛyɛ nɖɩ ɖɩ-tɛtʋ taa ñʋʋdʋ sɔsɔ weyi ɛ-tɔm kɩlɩ cɛyʋʋ yɔ.

Pɩnaɣ 1990 ñɩŋa taa lɛ, ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ ɖɩ-taa tɔsʋʋ paɣzɩ nɛ komina wɛɛ nɛ kɩcɔŋna ɖɔɖɔ samaɣ taa ɛyaa yɔɔ. Pɩtasɩ lɛ, kedeŋa kpeekpe tɛ liidiye koozaɣ ñɩnɩɣ se pɛhɛzɩ liidiye nɖɩ ɖɩ-tɔm ɖɩyɔɔdʋʋ yɔ, pɩ-yɔɔ. Lɩmaɣza wena ɛyaa kaawɛna yɔ a-yɔɔ lɛ, paatasɩɣ pɩzʋʋ se pɔcɔnɩ pa-tɩ yɔɔ. Ɖajaa sɔsɔ Jerry Rawlings, ɛ-hɩɖɛ sɛwa wɛɛ nɛ ɖɩtɛzɩɣ hɛʋ, ɛlɛ, ɛyaa sakɩyɛ wɛɛ nɛ pɔyɔɔdʋʋ ɛ-tɔm, alɩwaatʋ ndʋ mba pakaɖɩɣnɩ-ɩ yɔ nɛ tɔm susuu wondu pañakɩ pana se paɖɩzɩ-ɩ yɔ. Pɩnaɣ 1996 aloma fenaɣ kɩyakʋ 7 wiye, palɩzɩ-ɩ se ɛkɛ Kana ɛjaɖɛ ñʋʋdʋ. Ɛpaɣzɩ e-kewiyaɣ kpelaɣ naalɛ ñɩŋga saŋayɩŋ fenaɣ kɩyakʋ 7 pɩnaɣ 1997. Pʋwayɩ lɛ, Rawlings tisi se ɛ-tɛ ñʋʋtʋ John Atta Mills ɛpɩzɩ nɛ ɛcalɩ ɛ-ɛjaɖɛ ñʋʋtʋ kɛ pɩnaɣ 2000. Ɛlɛ, kamɩŋ fenaɣ kɩyakʋ lʋbɛ (7) ñɩŋgʋ wiye, pɩnaɣ 2000 taa lɛ, palɩzɩ politiki ŋgbɛyɛ nɖɩ ɖɩkaɖɩɣnɩ komina yɔ, nɖɩ payaɣ se Nouvelle Patriote (NPP) yɔ, ɖɩ-ñʋʋdʋ John Kufuor. Rawlings pɩsɩɣ ɛ-tɩ yɔɔ kandɩyʋ nɛ Rawlings pɩsɩɣ ɖɔɖɔ ɛ-tɩ yɔɔ kandɩyʋ. Lakɩŋ fenaɣ 28 wiye, pɩnaɣ 2008 taa lɛ, palɩzɩ John Atta-Mills se ɛkɛ ɛjaɖɛ ñʋʋdʋ. Pɩtasɩ lɛ, pɛwɛɛ nɛ pɛlɛɣzɩɣ ɖama nɛ laŋhɛzɩyɛ.

Ɛsɩba ɖomaɣ fenaɣ kɩyakʋ 12 pɩnaɣ 2020, ɛɛwɛna pɩnzɩ 73. Kpɩtaʋ ŋgʋ kɩɖɛwa yɔ kɩ-taa lɛ, powoni-i Korle-Bu sukuli kɩtɛzʋʋ taa. Ɛ-sɩm talɩ ɛzɩ fenasɩ naalɛ mbʋ yɔ ɛ-ɖoo Victoria Agbotui sɩba lɛlaɣ fenaɣ kɩyakʋ 24 pɩnaɣ 2020. Ɖajaa Nana Akufo-Addo lɩzɩ ɛ-hɩɖɛ ɛjaɖɛ kpeekpe taa nɛ ɛtɔŋ se ɛjaɖɛ taa ɛyaa kaɣ wɛnʋʋ laŋwɛɛkɩyɛ kɩyakɩŋ lʋbɛ. Rawlings hɔʋ caɣ Kana komina se kɩha-wɛ nʋmɔʋ nɛ pepi ɛ-sɩm Keta tɛtʋ taa Volta egeetiye taa.